@charset "UTF-8";:root {--primary-color: #0052CC;--primary-hover-color: #003E99;--accent-color: #FFAB00;--background-light: #F4F5F7;--background-dark: #1B1F23;--text-primary: #172B4D;--text-secondary: #6B778C;--border-color: #C1C7D0;--sidebar-background: #f8f8f8;--sidebar-title-color: #FFFFFF;--sidebar-item-color: #172b4d;--sidebar-hover-color: #FFAB00;--nav-background: #172B4D;--nav-text-color: #FFFFFF;--nav-hover-color: #FFAB00;--header-background: #0052CC;--header-text-color: #FFFFFF;--footer-background: #1B1F23;--footer-text-color: #C1C7D0;}html, body {font-family: "Noto Serif",-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI","Roboto","Oxygen-Sans","Ubuntu","Cantarell","Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;font-size: 17px;}a {color: var(--primary-color);text-decoration:none;}a:hover {color:var(--primary-hover-color);text-decoration:underline;}.carousel-inner{position:absolute;}.pkp_page_index .current_issue .read_more, .pkp_navigation_search_wrapper a, .pkp_nav_list ul a, .pkp_nav_list ul a:hover{color: var(--primary-color);}.pkp_navigation_search_wrapper a, .pkp_navigation_search_wrapper a .fa {color: var(--accent-color) !important;}.pkp_navigation_search_wrapper a:hover, .pkp_navigation_search_wrapper a:hover .fa {color: var(--sidebar-title-color) !important;}.pkp_page_index .current_issue a.read_more:hover, .pkp_page_index .current_issue a.read_more:active, .pkp_page_index .current_issue a.read_more:focus, .pkp_navigation_search_wrapper a:hover{color: var(--primary-hover-color) }.pkp_page_index .current_issue h2{border-bottom: 3px solid var(--primary-color);}a.btn.btn-primary.read-more {background: white;color: var(--primary-color);margin-top: 15px;border: 1px solid var(--primary-color);}a.btn.btn-primary.read-more:hover {color: white;background: var(--primary-color);}a.btn.btn-primary.read-more:hover:after {color: white;}.fa{padding-left: 5px;}.has_site_logo .pkp_site_name, .has_site_logo .pkp_navigation_primary_wrapper {padding-left: 30px;padding-right: 30px;}.pkp_navigation_primary_row {background: var(--nav-background);padding-top: 5px;padding-bottom: 5px;border-bottom: 5px solid var(--primary-color);}#navigationPrimary > li > a, #navigationPrimary ul a {color: var(--nav-text-color);font-weight: 500;padding-bottom: 0;}#navigationPrimary > li > a:hover, #navigationPrimary > li > a:focus, #navigationPrimary > li > a:active, #navigationPrimary ul > li > a:hover, #navigationPrimary ul a:hover {color: var(--accent-color);background: none;}#navigationPrimary ul {background: var(--nav-background);padding: 0 15px 10px 15px;}.pkp_head_wrapper .pkp_search .search_controls .search_prompt {color: var(--nav-text-color);}.pkp_navigation_user > li > a {color: var(--nav-text-color);display: flex;align-items: center;gap: 5px;padding-right: 10px;}.pkp_navigation_user > li > a:hover, .pkp_navigation_user > li > a:active, .pkp_navigation_user > li > a:focus {color: var(--accent-color);}.pkp_navigation_user > li > ul.dropdown-menu, .pkp_navigation_user > li > ul.dropdown-menu.show {margin: 0 !important;padding: 0 !important;border: none !important;box-shadow: none !important;border-radius: 0 !important;background: var(--nav-background) !important;min-width: 160px;}.pkp_navigation_user > li > ul.dropdown-menu > li {margin: 0 !important;padding: 0 !important;}.pkp_navigation_user > li > ul.dropdown-menu > li > a {display: block;padding: 10px 15px;margin: 0;background: var(--nav-background);color: var(--nav-text-color);font-weight: 500;text-decoration: none;border: none;}.pkp_navigation_user > li > ul.dropdown-menu > li > a:hover, .pkp_navigation_user > li > ul.dropdown-menu > li > a:focus, .pkp_navigation_user > li > ul.dropdown-menu > li > a:active {background: none;color: var(--accent-color);}.pkp_navigation_user > li > a .task_count, .pkp_navigation_user > li > ul a .task_count {background: var(--primary-color);color: #fff;padding: 2px 6px;border-radius: 10px;font-size: 12px;margin-left: 5px;}.pkp_navigation_user > li > a::after {margin-left: 5px;vertical-align: middle;}.pkp_nav_list li.profile {padding: 5px 5px 5px 15px;margin: 5px 15px 0 0;background: var(--nav-background);font-weight: 500;}.pkp_nav_list li.profile a {padding: 0;background: var(--nav-background);font-weight: 500;margin: 3px 5px;}.pkp_nav_list ul a:hover {color: var(--accent-color);border: none;box-shadow: none;background: none;}@media (max-width: 768px) {.pkp_site_nav_menu .pkp_nav_list > li {padding-left: 20px;}.pkp_site_nav_menu .pkp_nav_list > li ul > li {padding-left: 30px;}.pkp_site_nav_menu .pkp_nav_list a {display: block;padding-top: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px;}}@media (max-width: 768px) {.pkp_navigation_primary_row {padding-right: 26px;}.pkp_nav_list li.profile, li.profile a{margin: 0;padding-right: 26px;color: white !important;}}#customblock-brand {margin-bottom: 10px;}.pkp_structure_sidebar:before {border-left: 0 solid var(--sidebar-background);}.pkp_block {padding: 0 20px 0 0;}.block_make_submission {padding-bottom: 20px;}.pkp_block .title {background-color: var(--primary-color);color: var(--sidebar-title-color);padding: 0.75rem 1rem;font-size: 16px;font-weight: 600;text-align: center;border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0;margin:0;}.pkp_block .content {background-color: var(--sidebar-background);box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);}.pkp_block .content ul {margin: 0;padding: 0;list-style: none;}.pkp_block .content ul li {padding: 0px 0;}.pkp_block ul > li {border-bottom: 3px solid white;transition: background-color 0.3s ease;}.pkp_block ul > li:last-child {margin-bottom: 10px;border-bottom: none;}.pkp_block ul > li a {display: block;padding: .75rem 1rem;color: var(--sidebar-item-color);text-decoration: none;transition: background-color 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;}.pkp_block ul > li a:hover {background-color: var(--sidebar-hover-color);color: var(--nav-text-color);box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.content .brand img, .brand img {display: block;margin: 1rem auto;padding: 10px;max-width: 80%;}.block_announcements_article {padding: 1rem;background-color: var(--accent-color);color: #fff;}.cmp_manuscript_button, .block_make_submission a, .obj_galley_link {display: inline-block;background-color: var(--primary-color);color: var(--sidebar-title-color);width: 100%;padding: 0.75rem;text-align: center;text-decoration: none;border-radius: 4px;font-weight: 600;transition: background-color 0.3s ease;}.block_make_submission a:hover, .block_make_submission a:active, .block_make_submission a:focus {background-color: var(--accent-color);color: #fff;}.most-viewed-headline {border-bottom: 3px solid var(--primary-color);font-weight: 600;margin-bottom: 1rem;}:dir(rtl) .pkp_structure_sidebar, [dir="rtl"] .pkp_structure_sidebar {text-align: right;}:dir(rtl) .pkp_block .title, [dir="rtl"] .pkp_block .title {text-align: center;}:dir(rtl) .pkp_block ul > li a, [dir="rtl"] .pkp_block ul > li a {padding: .75rem 1rem;direction: rtl;text-align: right;}:dir(rtl) .pkp_block .title, [dir="rtl"] .pkp_block .title {border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0;}:dir(rtl) .pkp_block .content, [dir="rtl"] .pkp_block .content {border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;}:dir(rtl) .cmp_manuscript_button, :dir(rtl) .block_make_submission a, :dir(rtl) .obj_galley_link, [dir="rtl"] .cmp_manuscript_button, [dir="rtl"] .block_make_submission a, [dir="rtl"] .obj_galley_link {text-align: center;}:dir(rtl) .pkp_block ul > li a:hover, [dir="rtl"] .pkp_block ul > li a:hover {box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}:dir(rtl) .pkp_block {padding: 0 0 0 20px;line-height: 20px;}:dir(rtl) .pkp_block {margin-bottom: 15px;}.pkp_structure_content {padding-top:20px;margin-bottom:.3em;-webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 5px 0.5px rgba(103,104,107,0.34);-moz-box-shadow: 0px 0px 5px 0.5px rgba(103,104,107,0.34);box-shadow: 0px 0px 5px 0.5px rgba(103,104,107,0.34);}.pkp_structure_main {background-color:White;}.obj_issue_summary {margin:0em 3em 0em 1.6em;padding-left:1em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color);}.page_issue_archive .issues_archive > li {margin:0em 0em 0em 0em;padding:2em 0em 0em 0.7em;}.pkp_page_index .additional_content{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;}.obj_article_summary > .title a:hover, .obj_article_summary > .title a:focus, .obj_article_summary > .title a:active{color: var(--primary-hover-color);}.obj_article_summary > .galleys_links a:hover {background-color:var(--primary-hover-color);text-decoration:none;}.obj_issue_toc .galleys, .obj_issue_toc .section{padding:0rem;margin:0rem;}.obj_article_summary{padding:0rem;}.obj_issue_toc .section>h3 {padding: .15em 1em;background-color: var(--background-light);width: 100%;box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.24);}.homepage {background: var(--background-light);padding: 40px;text-align: justify;}.obj_issue_toc .cover{margin:10px 20px 10px 10px;}.current_issue .cover{display: none;}.obj_issue_toc .published{margin-top: 0;font-size: 15px;color: gray;}.obj_issue_toc .cover img{box-shadow: 0px 10px 15px -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.1),0px 10px 15px -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);border-radius: 5px;border: 2px solid white;}.obj_article_details .entry_details {margin-left: 0rem;margin-right: 0rem;}.obj_article_details .galleys_links {display:block;}.obj_article_details .galleys_links li{margin-inline-end:0;}.item.abstract{text-align: justify;padding-top: 0px;}.item.downloads_chart{text-align: justify;padding-top: 0px;}.item.references{text-align: justify;padding-top: 0px;}.obj_article_details > .page_title {font-weight:600;}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item.galleys .galleys_links {padding:0;background-color: var(--primary-color);}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item.galleys .galleys_links a {color:#fff;background-color:var(--primary-color);}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item.galleys .galleys_links a:hover {background-color:var(--primary-hover-color);}.obj_article_details .entry_details .label {border-bottom:3px solid var(--primary-color);display:inline;padding-top:5px;}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item > .value ul {list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item > .value ul li {padding:5px 0;}.obj_article_details .main_entry .label {border-bottom:0px;border-left:0px;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase;width:100%;border-radius:15px;-moz-border-radius:15px;-webkit-border-radius:15px;}.obj_article_details .galleys_links a:hover {background-color:var(--primary-hover-color);text-decoration:none;}.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper {background: var(--primary-color);}.pkp_footer_content {text-decoration: none;color: white;}.pkp_footer_content a {text-decoration: none;color: white;}.pkp_footer_content a:hover {color:var(--primary-hover-color);text-decoration:none;}.bottomfoot{background: var(--primary-hover-color);color: var(--sidebar-title-color);}.pkp_structure_head {position: relative;width: 100%;align-items: center;background-color: var(--primary-color);margin-bottom: .25em;}.pkp_structure_content, .has_sidebar {background: white;margin:20px auto;}.pkp_structure_page {margin:0 auto;background: var(--background-light);box-shadow:none;max-width: 100%;}.pkp_site_name .is_img img {max-height: 50px;}.pkp_site_name .is_text {color: var(--light-text-color);}@media all and (min-width: 300px) and (max-width:990px) {.pkp_site_name .is_img img {max-height:30px;}.pkp_site_nav_menu {top: 100%;background: var(--background-light);}}.pkp_site_nav_toggle {box-shadow: none;}}@media all and (max-width: 376px) {.pkp_site_nav_toggle {box-shadow:none;}}@media all and (min-width: 376px) and (max-width:990px) {.pkp_structure_main {padding:0px 10px 10px 10px;overflow: auto;margin-bottom: 1.5em;}.obj_article_details .item {padding: 2em 0.5em 0em 1.5em;}.pkp_block {padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;line-height: 20px;}.carousel-inner {position: relative;}.pkp_navigation_user>li>a {color: var(--primary-color);}.pkp_site_nav_menu a {color: var(--primary-color);}}@media all and (max-width: 376px) {.pkp_structure_main {padding:0px 10px 10px 10px;overflow: auto;margin-bottom: 1.5em;}.pkp_block {padding: 0px 0px 20px 0px;line-height: 20px;}.pkp_footer_content {width: 100%;float: none;}.pkp_structure_main {padding: 0px 10px 10px 10px;overflow: auto;margin-bottom: 1.5em;}.obj_article_details .item {padding: 2em 0.5em 0em 0.5em;}.carousel-inner {position: relative;}.pkp_navigation_user>li>a {color: var(--primary-color);}.pkp_site_nav_menu a {color: var(--primary-color);}}* {box-sizing: border-box;}footerbody {margin: 0;}.footercolumn {float: left;width: 25%;padding: 15px;}.footerrow:after {content: "";display: table;clear: both;}@media screen and (max-width:600px) {.footercolumn {width: 100%;}}.social:hover {-webkit-transform: scale(1.1);-moz-transform: scale(1.1);-o-transform: scale(1.1);}.social {-webkit-transform: scale(0.8);-moz-transform: scale(0.8);-o-transform: scale(0.8);-webkit-transition-duration: 0.5s;-moz-transition-duration: 0.5s;-o-transition-duration: 0.5s;}#social-fb{color:darkgray;}#social-tw{color:darkgray;}#social-gp{color:darkgray;}#social-em{color:darkgray;}#social-fb:hover {color: #3B5998;}#social-tw:hover {color: #4099FF;}#social-gp:hover {color: #d34836;}#social-em:hover {color: #f39c12;}.fa{color:var(--primary-color);}.pkp_brand_footer {display:none;}.obj_article_details .galleys_links {display:block;}.obj_article_details .galleys_links li{margin-inline-end:0;}.shariff li, .shariff li a{height:auto !important;padding:5px !important;}.imagecol {float: left;max-width: 45%;padding-left: 25px;padding-top:10px;}.cmp_breadcrumbs {padding: .25rem 0 }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:hover {cursor: pointer;background: var(--primary-color);color: #fff !important }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:hover a:after,.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:hover span:after {border-left-color: var(--primary-color);color: #fff }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li.current {background: var(--primary-color);color: #fff !important }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li.current a:after,.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li.current span:after {border-left-color: var(--primary-color);color: #fff }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol {list-style: none;display: inline-table;margin-bottom: 2px }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li {display: inline-flex;background: #F3F5FA;padding: 10px 10px 10px 23px;position: relative;margin: 0 10px 10px 0 }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:first-child {padding: 10px 10px 10px 15px }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:last-child {background-color:var(--primary-color);}.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:hover a,.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:hover span {color: #ffffff }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:first-child a:before,.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:first-child span:before {display: none }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:last-child a:after,.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:last-child span:after {display: none }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li a,.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li span {font-size: 14px;text-decoration: none;color: rgba(0,0,0,0.87) }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li a:after,.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li span:after {content: "";border-top: 22px solid transparent;border-bottom: 22px solid transparent;border-left: 20px solid #f3f5fa;position: absolute;right: -20px;top: 0;z-index: 1 }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li a:before,.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li span:before {content: "";border-top: 22px solid transparent;border-bottom: 22px solid transparent;border-left: 20px solid #fff;position: absolute;left: 0;top: 0 }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li span.separator {display: none }.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li.current a,.cmp_breadcrumbs ol li.current span {color: #ffffff;font-weight: bold }:dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li {margin: 0 0 10px 10px;padding: 10px 23px 10px 10px;}:dir="rtl" .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:first-child {padding: 10px 15px 10px 10px;}:dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li a:after, :dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li span:after {border-left: none;border-right: 20px solid #f3f5fa;right: auto;left: -20px;}:dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li a:before, :dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li span:before {border-left: none;border-right: 20px solid #fff;left: auto;right: 0;}:dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li.current a:after, :dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li.current span:after, :dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:hover a:after, :dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:hover span:after {border-right-color: var(--primary-color);}:dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:first-child a:before, :dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:first-child span:before {display: none;}:dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:last-child a:after, :dir(rtl) .cmp_breadcrumbs ol li:last-child span:after {display: none;}body[dir="rtl"] .pkp_site_nav_menu, body[dir="rtl"] .pkp_navigation_search_wrapper {text-align: right;}body[dir="rtl"] .pkp_structure_main {text-align: right;}body[dir="rtl"] .obj_issue_toc .galleys > h2, body[dir="rtl"] .obj_issue_toc .section > h2, body[dir="rtl"] .obj_issue_toc .galleys > h3, body[dir="rtl"] .obj_issue_toc .section > h3 {left: 0px;}body[dir="rtl"] #navigationPrimary {float: right;text-align: right;}