ALTAEB, M. O., & Oraibi, I. M. (2023). The legal concept of tax evasion and mechanisms to combat it. Al-haq Journal for Sharia and Legal Sciences, 134-154.

Abstract

This research examines the legal framework for social security financing in Libyan legislation, focusing on socialist and non-socialist funding sources and their adequacy in achieving the financial stability of the social security system. The research aims to clarify the legal nature of social security contributions as an independent legal obligation and to analyze the state's role in financing the system through financial contributions, tax exemptions, and deficit coverage. It also examines investment returns and other revenues as supporting sources of funding.

The research employs an analytical approach by studying the legislative texts regulating social security, particularly Libyan Social Security Law No. (13) of 1980. It also utilizes a comparative approach by drawing on relevant Arab legislation and modern jurisprudential studies to identify legislative shortcomings and highlight ways to develop the social security financing system.

The research concludes that the diversification of social security financing sources constitutes a fundamental guarantee for the system's sustainability. However, the effectiveness of this financing faces several practical challenges, most notably difficulties in collecting contributions, weak oversight of certain professional groups, and economic fluctuations that affect investment resources. The research also emphasized the importance of strengthening the state's oversight role and developing social security investment mechanisms to ensure the system's financial sustainability.

The research concludes that it is necessary to adopt integrated legislative and administrative policies aimed at diversifying funding sources, enhancing the efficiency of contribution collection, and achieving a balance between the social and economic dimensions of the social security system.