The Justice of the Companions (Doubts and Responses)
Abstract
This research is an attempt to shed light on the issue of the Companions' integrity (ʿAdālah) and the suspicions raised about it — a topic that has long been a point of contention among writers. Some have elevated the Companions to a distinguished and unique status, while others have treated them like any other narrators. Due to the seriousness and importance of this subject, and because it holds a significant place among Muslims this topic was chosen to write a research paper about it .
Through this research, I concluded that the integrity of the noble Companions — may Allah be pleased with them — is a matter unanimously agreed upon by all Muslims, as confirmed by the Qur'an, the Sunnah of the Prophet, and the consensus of the Ummah. Only an ignorant or malicious person would challenge this. I also concluded that the rank of "Companion" was granted to anyone who met the Prophet ﷺ, while the virtue of companionship was only attained by those who remained in his company for a longer time and closely accompanied him. Additionally, I favored the opinion that all the Companions — may Allah be pleased with them — are considered upright. However, their integrity does not imply infallibility, as they are not immune from committing sins or mistakes; some slips and errors did occur among them. Yet, the intended meaning of their integrity is the full trustworthiness of their statements and reports — they do not intentionally lie in their testimonies, their narrations, or about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. True integrity means that a Companion does not lie when narrating from the Prophet ﷺ, even though he might err. Therefore, a Companion may be just and upright even if he committed some sins or errors.
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