الحروب السيبرانية (الواقع – التحديات) في ضوء القانون الدولي الإنساني (I.H.L)
الملخص
تناول البحث موضوع بالغ الأهمية حيث ناقش خطورة الحرب السيبرانية والاشكاليات المترتبة عليها، وتناولت الإشكالية مدى خضوع الحروب السيبرانية للقواعد الإنسانية الدولية (I.H.L) والآثار المترتبة عليه، واستخدم في هذا البحث المنهج الوصفي والمنهج التحليلي، وقد توصل البحث إلى عدة نتائج أهمها: أن الحروب السيبرانية تؤدي الى أضرار كبيرة تؤثر سلباً على البُنى التحتية للدول ، وكذلك بعد أن أصبحت الحروب السيبرانية عامل مهم في أمن الدول وقوتها، ومن ثم أصبحت الحروب السيبرانية في تزايد مستمر، وتوصل البحث إلى عدة توصيات أهمها السعي إلى مراجعة القواعد الإنسانية الدولية، بهدف ضمان سلامة المدنيين، والسعي إلى إبرام اتفاقيات دولية تهتم بتطبيق القانون الانساني على الحروب السيبرانية، والتعاون في ما بين الدول في التعرف على مرتكبي الهجمات الالكترونية.
الكلمات المفتاحية:
الحروب السيبرانية
الواقع
التحديات
الاتفاقيات الدولية
القانون الدولي الإنساني
كيفية الاقتباس
د. رمضان عبد الله العموري. (2024). الحروب السيبرانية (الواقع – التحديات) في ضوء القانون الدولي الإنساني (I.H.L). Al-Haq Journal for Sharia and Legal Sciences, 196-210. https://doi.org/10.58916/alhaq.vi.246
إصدار
القسم
مقاله بحثيه
المراجع
1.
List of sources and references:
2.
First: Books:
3.
/ Ahmed Abu Al-Wafa, General Theory of International Humanitarian Law, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Cairo, 3rd ed., 2013
4.
/ Ahmed Abu Al-Wafa, Mediator in Public International Law, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya for Publishing, Cairo, 5th ed., 2010
5.
/ John Mary, Customary International Humanitarian Law, Volume One, Rules, Rule No. 14.
6.
/ Suhail Hussein Al-Fatlawi, Imad Muhammad Rabie, Encyclopedia of International Humanitarian Law, Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing and Distribution, Jordan, 2020.
7.
/ Suhail Hussein Al-Fatlawi, Customary Legal Nature of the Rules of International Humanitarian Law, Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing and Distribution, 2012.
8.
/ Saleh Omar Khalil, Theoretical Framework for Cyber Security, 1st ed., Cairo, Dar Publishing, 1993
9.
/ Salah Haidar Abdel Wahid, Cyberspace Wars, A Study of Their Concept, Middle East University, Jordan, 2021
10.
/ Abdel Salam Hamash, The Concept of Military Necessity in International Humanitarian Law, Middle East University, 2014.
11.
/ Abbas Badran, Electronic Wars in the World of Information, 1st ed., Lebanon Center for E-Government Studies, 2010
12.
/ Amr Reda Bayoumi, The Dangers of Israeli Weapons of Mass Destruction on Arab National Security, 1st ed., Jordan, 2022
13.
/ Faisal Muhammad Abdul Ghaffar, Electronic Warfare, 1st ed., Al-Janadriya Publishing and Distribution, 1st ed., Jordan, 2015
14.
/ Muhammad Shaker, Cyber Warfare on Global Security, Algerian Encyclopedia of Political and Strategic Studies, 2019
15.
/ Muhammad Talat Al-Ghanimi, A Brief Introduction to the Law of Peace, Maaref Establishment, Alexandria, 1973
16.
/ Nabil Awda, Cyber Operations in the Russian-Ukrainian War, Middle East for Strategic Research, 2022
17.
Second: Scientific Theses and Articles.
18.
A. Scientific Theses.
19.
/ Iman Hamdan, New Technology and International Humanitarian Law, Cyber Warfare, In-depth Studies in Humanitarian Law, Master's Thesis in International Humanitarian Law, Virtual University, Syria, 2020.
20.
/ Salah Haidar Abdul Wahid, Cyberspace Wars, A Study of Their Concept and Characteristics, Master's Thesis, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Middle East University, Jordan, 2020.
21.
/ Salah Haidar Abdul Wahid, Cyberspace Wars, A Study of Their Concept, Characteristics and Ways to Confront Them, Master's Thesis, Middle East University, Jordan, 2021.
22.
/ Nour Amir Al-Mawsili, Cyberattacks in Light of International Humanitarian Law, Master's Thesis, Syrian Virtual University, 2021.
23.
/ Laila Bshlalq, The Impact of Cyberwars on US-Russian Relations, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Mohamed Boudiaf University, Algeria, 2018.
24.
/ Yasser Kalzi, General Theory of International Humanitarian Law, Master's in International Humanitarian Law, Syrian Virtual University, Damascus, Syria, 2020.
25.
B. Scientific Journals:
26.
/ Ismail Zarrouqa, Cyberspace and Its Impact on Arab National Security, Journal of Legal and Political Sciences, Volume 10, Issue 1, 2019.
27.
/ Hamed Muhammad Al-Baldawi, Confronting Cyberwarfare in International Humanitarian Law, Journal of the Iraqi University, Imam College, Issue 257.
28.
/ Hanan Darboul Muhammad, Determinants of the Principle of Proportionality in International Humanitarian Law, Journal of the Iraqi University, Volume 68, Issue 1, 2024.
29.
/ Hussein Ibrahim Hassan, Cyber Warfare in Light of the Rules of International Law, Journal of Legal and Economic Research, Menoufia, Egypt, 2024.
30.
/ Saeed Darwish, Cyber Wars and Their Impact on Human Rights, A Study in Light of the Provisions of the Tallinn Manual, Algerian Journal of Legal, Economic and Political Sciences.
31.
/ Salafa Tariq Al-Shaalan, Adapting the Use of Electronic Warfare in Armed Conflicts According to International Humanitarian Law, Journal of the University of Kufa for Political and Legal Sciences, Iraq, Volume 9, Issue 26, 2016.
32.
/ Sharif Abdul Hamid Hassan, Cyber warfare and its compatibility with international humanitarian law, Journal of Sharia and Law, Al-Duqaylah - Egypt, Issue 23, Part Four, 2021.
33.
/ Saber Belkacem, Wahid Muhammad, Cyber attacks and their confrontation in light of contemporary international law, Journal of Human Rights and Freedoms, Abdelhamid Ben Badis University, Algeria, Issue 4, 2020.
34.
/ Tariq Al-Majdoub, Cyber is a light arena for an upcoming soft war, Publications of the National Defense Magazine, Issue 49, 2014
35.
/ Omar Mahmoud Amar, Electronic warfare in international humanitarian law, Electronic warfare in international humanitarian law, Journal of Sharia and Law Studies, University of Jordan, Volume 46, Issue 4.
36.
/Kabara Taha Muhammad, The Scope of War Effectiveness in Implementing Russian Policy Objectives, A Case Study of Cyber Warfare, Journal of Economic Environment, Issue 23, 2024.
37.
/Muhammad Abdul Rahman, Electronic Attacks in the Context of Armed Conflict, Libyan International Journal, College of Education, Al-Marj, University of Benghazi, Libya, 2022.
38.
/Muhammad Adel Askar, The Status of Cyber Operations in International Law with Application to the Practice of Espionage in Peacetime, Journal of Legal and Economic Research, Volume 33, Issue 1, 2021..
39.
/Muhand Jabbar Abbas, Haitham Karim Sawan, Cyber Wars between Challenges and Confrontation Strategies, Iraq as a Model, Journal of Political Issues, Issue 70, College of Science, University of Nahrain, Iraq, 2022.
40.
/ Naji Muhammad Osama, Legal Aspects of Cyber Warfare, A Study in International Humanitarian Law, Spirit of Laws Magazine, Issue 103, 2023.
41.
/ Nour Amin Al-Mawsili, Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Electronic Journal, Issue 24, 2020.
42.
/- Nouriya Al-Saadi, Cyber Warfare in Light of the Provisions of Public International Law, Legal Research Journal, Issue 2, Volume 7, 2022.
43.
/ Munther Rabeh, and Saeed Darwish, The Legal Nature of Cyber Attacks on States, Voice of Law Magazine, Volume 8, Issue 1, 2021.
44.
/ Yahya Yassin Saud, Cyber Wars in Light of International Humanitarian Law, Legal Journal, Faculty of Law, Cairo University, Khartoum Branch, Volume 4, Issue 4, 2018.
45.
/ Heba Gamal Al
46.
/Edl,amK R.D. Rethinking cyber warfare the international relations of digital disruption. Oxford university press. 2024
47.
Nils melzer. Cyberwar fareand international.law.2011 /1
48.
Schreier.fred. on cyberware. Edition. DCAF.switzerland.Geneva.2015
49.
/ Schmitt, Michael (gen ed): Tallinn Manual on the International Law Applicable to Cyber
50.
/ Topor. L. Cyber Warfer:Global Trends and proxy Wars. In Cyber Sovereigny international. And the Future of the internet.2024.cham: Springer nature switzerland.
51.
Warfare, op.cit, comment (6) on Rule (38). /4
52.
g. General Assembly resolutions:
53.
GA. Res. 55/63, UN. Doc. No, A/RES/55/63 (Jan, 22, 2001), Available At:/1
55.
GA. Res. 56/121, UN. Doc. No, A/RES/56/121 (Jan, 23, 2002), Available At:/2
57.
GA. Res. 57/239, UN. Doc. No, A/RES/57/239 (Jan, 31, 2003), Available At/3
59.
GA. Res. 58/199, UN. Doc. No, A/RES/58/199 (Jan, 30, 2004), Available At/4
61.
H / Security Council Resolutions:
62.
SC. Res. 2341, U.N. Doc. No, S/RES/2341(2017) (February, 13, 2017)/1
63.
Available At: https://undocs.org/ar/S/RES/2341 )2017
64.
SC. Res. 2370, U.N. Doc . No, S/RES/2370(2017) (August, 2, 2017)/2
65.
Avalibale At: https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1298189?ln
